List of Regular and Irregular Nouns and their Plurals
English is a fascinating and complex language, and one of the most interesting aspects of it is the way we form plurals.
The history of the English language, its etymology, and the various influences that have shaped it over time all play a role in the way we form plurals today.
In these ‘plural of’ blog posts, we'll delve into the history of the English language, explore the etymology of nouns, and discuss the most common rules for forming plurals in English.
The English language has its roots in the Germanic languages spoken by the tribes that migrated to the British Isles in the 5th century AD.
Over time, it has undergone several changes, including the influence of other languages such as Latin, French, and Greek. These influences have led to a complex system for forming plurals in English.
![Life is Beautiful](/images/Life is Beautiful.jpg)
The etymology of nouns is also an important factor in understanding plurals.
Nouns can be divided into several categories based on their origins, including Germanic, Latin, and Greek nouns. Germanic nouns, for example, often form plurals by adding an -s or -es, while Latin and Greek nouns often change the ending of the word to indicate plurality.
One of the most common rules for forming plurals in English is adding -s to the end of a noun. This rule applies to most nouns that are not already in the plural form. For example, "book" becomes "books", "dog" becomes "dogs", and "cat" becomes "cats".
However, there are a few exceptions to this rule. For example, nouns ending in -s, -x, -z, -sh, or -ch usually form plurals by adding -es. This can be seen in words like "bus" becoming "buses", "box" becoming "boxes", "quiz" becoming "quizzes", "dish" becoming "dishes" and "church" becoming "churches".
Read our full blog post on how to form plurals in English.
![Plural of Box](/images/Plural of Box.jpg)
Another common rule is nouns that end in -y. Here, if the noun ends in a vowel + -y, the plural is formed by adding -s.
For example, "boy" becomes "boys". However, if the noun ends in a consonant + -y, the plural is formed by changing the -y to -ies. For example, "city" becomes "cities".
There are also nouns that don't follow any of these rules and have irregular plurals. Some examples include "man" becoming "men", "woman" becoming "women", "foot" becoming "feet", "tooth" becoming "teeth" and "mouse" becoming "mice".
In addition to these rules and exceptions, there are also nouns that don't change in the plural form at all, such as "moose", "deer" and "sheep".
Read here for how to form plural possessive nouns.
![Plural of Sheep](/images/Plural of Sheep.jpg)
In conclusion, understanding the history and etymology of the English language, as well as the most common rules for forming plurals, can help us better understand and use this complex language.
While the rules for forming plurals in English can seem daunting at first, with practice and an understanding of the various influences and exceptions, it becomes much easier to master.
Read about the difference between countable and uncountable nouns.
List of Plurals in English
What's the plural of crisis?
![](/images/crises.jpg)
What's the plural of moose?
![](/images/moose.jpg)
What's the plural of octopus?
![](/images/octopuses.jpg)
What's the plural of axis?
![](/images/axes.jpg)
What's the plural of analysis?
![](/images/analyses.jpg)
What's the plural of diagnosis?
![](/images/diagnoses.jpg)
What's the plural of fish?
![](/images/fish or fishes.jpg)
What's the plural of roof?
![](/images/roofs.jpg)
What's the plural of basis?
![](/images/bases.jpg)
What's the plural of bus?
![](/images/buses.jpg)
What's the plural of deer?
![](/images/deer.jpg)
What's the plural of fox?
![](/images/foxes.jpg)
What's the plural of index?
![](/images/indexes or indices.jpg)
What's the plural of leaf?
![](/images/leaves.jpg)
What's the plural of curriculum?
![](/images/curricula or curriculums.jpg)
What's the plural of cactus?
![](/images/cactuses or cacti.jpg)
What's the plural of hero?
![](/images/heroes.jpg)
What's the plural of ox?
![](/images/oxen or ox.jpg)
What's the plural of no?
![](/images/noes or nos.jpg)
What's the plural of platypus?
![](/images/platypuses or platypi.jpg)
What's the plural of radius?
![](/images/radii or radiuses.jpg)
What's the plural of syllabus?
![](/images/syllabi or syllabuses.jpg)
What's the plural of appendix?
![](/images/appendixes or appendices.jpg)
What's the plural of die?
![](/images/dice.jpg)
What's the plural of goose?
![](/images/geese.jpg)
What's the plural of mongoose?
![](/images/mongooses.jpg)
What's the plural of sheep?
![](/images/sheep.jpg)
What's the plural of alumnus?
![](/images/alumni.jpg)
What's the plural of alumna?
![](/images/alumnae.jpg)
What's the plural of penis?
![](/images/penises or penes.jpg)
What's the plural of uterus?
![](/images/uteri or uteruses.jpg)
What's the plural of apparatus?
![](/images/apparatus or apparatuses.jpg)
What's the plural of calf?
![](/images/calves.jpg)
What's the plural of Christmas?
![](/images/Christmases.jpg)
What's the plural of criterion?
![](/images/criteria or criterions.jpg)
What's the plural of focus?
![](/images/focuses or foci.jpg)
What's the plural of genus?
![](/images/genera or genuses.jpg)
What's the plural of hippopotamus?
![](/images/hippopotamuses or hippopotami.jpg)
What's the plural of hypothesis?
![](/images/hypotheses.jpg)
What's the plural of matrix?
![](/images/matrices or matrixes.jpg)
What's the plural of tomato?
![](/images/tomatoes.jpg)
What's the plural of antenna?
![](/images/antennae or antennas.jpg)
What's the plural of phenomenon?
![](/images/phenomena or phenomenons.jpg)
What's the plural of quiz?
![](/images/quizzes.jpg)
What's the plural of fly?
![](/images/flies.jpg)
What's the plural of formula?
![](/images/formulae or formulas.jpg)
What's the plural of life?
![](/images/lives.jpg)
What's the plural of man?
![](/images/men.jpg)
What's the plural of synopsis?
![](/images/synopses.jpg)
What's the plural of potato?
![](/images/potatoes.jpg)
What's the plural of mouse?
![](/images/mice.jpg)
What's the plural of mango?
![](/images/mangoes or mangos.jpg)
What's the plural of attorney?
![](/images/attorneys.jpg)
What's the plural of woman?
![](/images/women.jpg)
What's the plural of loaf?
![](/images/loaves.jpg)
What's the plural of memorandum?
![](/images/memoranda or memorandums.jpg)
What's the plural of oasis?
![](/images/oases.jpg)
What's the plural of shrimp?
![](/images/shrimp or shrimps.jpg)
What's the plural of abacus?
![](/images/abaci or abacuses.jpg)
What's the plural of buffalo?
![](/images/buffaloes or buffalo.jpg)
What's the plural of monkey?
![](/images/monkeys.jpg)
What's the plural of journey?
![](/images/journeys.jpg)
What's the plural of turkey?
![](/images/turkeys.jpg)
What's the plural of knife?
![](/images/knives.jpg)
What's the plural of elf?
![](/images/elves.jpg)
What's the plural of forum?
![](/images/forums or fora.jpg)
What's the plural of aircraft?
![](/images/aircraft.jpg)
What's the plural of half?
![](/images/halves.jpg)
What's the plural of hoof?
![](/images/hoofs or hooves.jpg)
What's the plural of medium?
![](/images/media or mediums.jpg)
What's the plural of thief?
![](/images/thieves.jpg)
What's the plural of donkey?
![](/images/donkeys.jpg)
What's the plural of church?
![](/images/churches.jpg)
What's the plural of valley?
![](/images/valleys.jpg)
What's the plural of vertex?
![](/images/vertices or vertexes.jpg)
What's the plural of mosquito?
![](/images/mosquitoes or mosquitos.jpg)
What's the plural of ostrich?
![](/images/ostriches.jpg)
What's the plural of son-in-law?
![](/images/sons-in-law.jpg)
What's the plural of story?
![](/images/stories.jpg)
What's the plural of spy?
![](/images/spies.jpg)
What's the plural of masseuse?
![](/images/masseuses.jpg)
What's the plural of sir?
![](/images/sirs.jpg)
What's the plural of flamingo?
![](/images/flamingos.jpg)
What's the plural of glass?
![](/images/glasses.jpg)
What's the plural of key?
![](/images/keys.jpg)
What's the plural of safe?
![](/images/safes.jpg)
What's the plural of zoo?
![](/images/zoos.jpg)
What's the plural of thesaurus?
![](/images/thesauri or thesauruses.jpg)
What's the plural of compass?
![](/images/compasses.jpg)
What's the plural of address?
![](/images/addresses.jpg)
What's the plural of rendezvous?
![](/images/rendezvous.jpg)
What's the plural of honey?
![](/images/honeys.jpg)
What's the plural of ally?
![](/images/allies.jpg)
What's the plural of stratum?
![](/images/strata.jpg)
What's the plural of house?
![](/images/houses.jpg)
What's the plural of loss?
![](/images/losses.jpg)
What's the plural of atlas?
![](/images/atlases.jpg)
What's the plural of haiku?
![](/images/haiku or haikus.jpg)
What's the plural of quail?
![](/images/quail or quails.jpg)
What's the plural of library?
![](/images/libraries.jpg)
What's the plural of county?
![](/images/counties.jpg)
What's the plural of army?
![](/images/armies.jpg)
What's the plural of kiss?
![](/images/kisses.jpg)
What's the plural of mass?
![](/images/masses.jpg)
What's the plural of hair?
![](/images/hairs.jpg)
What's the plural of reef?
![](/images/reefs.jpg)
What's the plural of praying mantis?
![](/images/praying mantises.jpg)
What's the plural of grass?
![](/images/grasses.jpg)
What's the plural of lamb?
![](/images/lambs.jpg)
What's the plural of daddy?
![](/images/daddies.jpg)
What's the plural of mommy?
![](/images/mommies.jpg)
What's the plural of stadium?
![](/images/stadiums or stadia.jpg)
What's the plural of butterfly?
![](/images/butterflies.jpg)
What's the plural of helix?
![](/images/helices or helixes.jpg)
What's the plural of larynx?
![](/images/larynges or larynxes.jpg)
What's the plural of cow?
![](/images/cows.jpg)
What's the plural of squash?
![](/images/squashes or squash.jpg)
What's the plural of ibis?
![](/images/ibises or ibis.jpg)
What's the plural of codex?
![](/images/codices.jpg)
What's the plural of offspring?
![](/images/offspring or offsprings.jpg)
What's the plural of tuna?
![](/images/tuna or tunas.jpg)
What's the plural of wharf?
![](/images/wharfs or wharves.jpg)
What's the plural of watch?
![](/images/watches.jpg)
What's the plural of dress?
![](/images/dresses.jpg)
What's the plural of cargo?
![](/images/cargoes or cargos.jpg)
What's the plural of stigma?
![](/images/stigmas or stigmata.jpg)
What's the plural of pizza?
![](/images/pizzas.jpg)
What's the plural of daughter-in-law?
![](/images/daughters-in-law.jpg)
What's the plural of circus?
![](/images/circuses.jpg)
What's the plural of brush?
![](/images/brushes.jpg)
What's the plural of dictionary?
![](/images/dictionaries.jpg)
What's the plural of theory?
![](/images/theories.jpg)
What's the plural of runner-up?
![](/images/runners-up or runner-ups.jpg)
What's the plural of cliff?
![](/images/cliffs.jpg)
What's the plural of lotus?
![](/images/lotuses or lotus.jpg)
What's the plural of bench?
![](/images/benches.jpg)
What's the plural of sandwich?
![](/images/sandwiches.jpg)
What's the plural of research?
![](/images/researches.jpg)
What's the plural of photo?
![](/images/photos.jpg)
What's the plural of cortex?
![](/images/cortices or cortexes.jpg)
What's the plural of thank you?
![](/images/thank yous.jpg)
What's the plural of mom?
![](/images/moms.jpg)
What's the plural of trolley?
![](/images/trolleys.jpg)
What's the plural of bush?
![](/images/bushes.jpg)
What's the plural of studio?
![](/images/studios.jpg)
What's the plural of veto?
![](/images/vetoes.jpg)
What's the plural of memo?
![](/images/memos.jpg)
What's the plural of banjo?
![](/images/banjos.jpg)
What's the plural of lettuce?
![](/images/lettuces.jpg)
What's the plural of body?
![](/images/bodies.jpg)
What's the plural of grouse?
![](/images/grouse or grouses.jpg)
What's the plural of phylum?
![](/images/phyla.jpg)
What's the plural of referendum?
![](/images/referendums.jpg)
What's the plural of student?
![](/images/students.jpg)
What's the plural of beach?
![](/images/beaches.jpg)
What's the plural of halo?
![](/images/halos or haloes.jpg)
What's the plural of samurai?
![](/images/samurai.jpg)
What's the plural of kangaroo?
![](/images/kangaroos.jpg)
What's the plural of duck?
![](/images/ducks.jpg)
What's the plural of power of attorney?
![](/images/powers of attorney.jpg)
What's the plural of mess?
![](/images/messes.jpg)
What's the plural of tax?
![](/images/taxes.jpg)
What's the plural of kiwi?
![](/images/kiwis.jpg)
What's the plural of amoeba?
![](/images/amoebas or amoebae.jpg)
What's the plural of moss?
![](/images/mosses.jpg)
What's the plural of nexus?
![](/images/nexuses or nexus.jpg)
What's the plural of witch?
![](/images/witches.jpg)
What's the plural of peach?
![](/images/peaches.jpg)
What's the plural of genie?
![](/images/genies or genii.jpg)
What's the plural of water?
![](/images/waters.jpg)
What's the plural of chicken?
![](/images/chickens.jpg)
What's the plural of bronchus?
![](/images/bronchi.jpg)
What's the plural of gulf?
![](/images/gulfs.jpg)
What's the plural of metropolis?
![](/images/metropolises.jpg)
What's the plural of menace?
![](/images/menaces.jpg)
What's the plural of stereo?
![](/images/stereos.jpg)
What's the plural of soprano?
![](/images/sopranos.jpg)
What's the plural of quiche?
![](/images/quiches.jpg)
What's the plural of septum?
![](/images/septa.jpg)
What's the plural of dog?
![](/images/dogs.jpg)
What's the plural of toy?
![](/images/toys.jpg)
What's the plural of alley?
![](/images/alleys.jpg)
What's the plural of zebra?
![](/images/zebras or zebra.jpg)
What's the plural of human?
![](/images/humans.jpg)
What's the plural of beau?
![](/images/beaus or beaux.jpg)
What's the plural of fez?
![](/images/fezzes or fezes.jpg)
What's the plural of swine?
![](/images/swine.jpg)
What's the plural of logo?
![](/images/logos.jpg)
What's the plural of torpedo?
![](/images/torpedoes.jpg)
What's the plural of spacecraft?
![](/images/spacecraft.jpg)
What's the plural of police?
![](/images/police.jpg)
What's the plural of aquarium?
![](/images/aquariums or aquaria.jpg)
What's the plural of father-in-law?
![](/images/fathers-in-law.jpg)
What's the plural of mother-in-law?
![](/images/mothers-in-law.jpg)
What's the plural of encyclopedia?
![](/images/encyclopedias.jpg)
What's the plural of terminus?
![](/images/termini or terminuses.jpg)
What's the plural of history?
![](/images/histories.jpg)
What's the plural of society?
![](/images/societies.jpg)
What's the plural of policy?
![](/images/policies.jpg)
What's the plural of friend?
![](/images/friends.jpg)
What's the plural of news?
![](/images/news.jpg)
What's the plural of fax?
![](/images/faxes.jpg)
What's the plural of motto?
![](/images/mottos.jpg)
What's the plural of match?
![](/images/matches.jpg)
What's the plural of jury?
![](/images/juries.jpg)
What's the plural of rice?
![](/images/rices.jpg)
What's the plural of modulus?
![](/images/moduli.jpg)
What's the plural of stomach?
![](/images/stomachs.jpg)
What's the plural of branch?
![](/images/branches.jpg)
What's the plural of chef?
![](/images/chefs.jpg)
What's the plural of mine?
![](/images/mines.jpg)
What's the plural of candy?
![](/images/candies.jpg)
What's the plural of cloth?
![](/images/cloths.jpg)
What's the plural of ravioli?
![](/images/ravioli or raviolis.jpg)
What's the plural of diverticulum?
![](/images/diverticula.jpg)
What's the plural of specimen?
![](/images/specimens.jpg)
What's the plural of proof?
![](/images/proofs or proof.jpg)
What's the plural of patio?
![](/images/patios.jpg)
What's the plural of meniscus?
![](/images/menisci or meniscuses.jpg)
What's the plural of atrium?
![](/images/atria or atriums.jpg)
What's the plural of query?
![](/images/queries.jpg)
What's the plural of swan?
![](/images/swans.jpg)
What's the plural of symposium?
![](/images/symposiums or symposia.jpg)
What's the plural of day?
![](/images/days.jpg)
What's the plural of birthday?
![](/images/birthdays.jpg)
What's the plural of bunny?
![](/images/bunnies.jpg)
What's the plural of deity?
![](/images/deities.jpg)
What's the plural of crab?
![](/images/crabs.jpg)
What's the plural of cattle?
![](/images/cattle.jpg)
What's the plural of dolphin?
![](/images/dolphins.jpg)
What's the plural of antithesis?
![](/images/antitheses.jpg)
What's the plural of hobby?
![](/images/hobbies.jpg)
What's the plural of fellow?
![](/images/fellows.jpg)
What's the plural of tsunami?
![](/images/tsunamis.jpg)
What's the plural of ninja?
![](/images/ninjas.jpg)
What's the plural of abyss?
![](/images/abysses.jpg)
What's the plural of right of way?
![](/images/rights of way.jpg)
What's the plural of nanny?
![](/images/nannies.jpg)
What's the plural of madam?
![](/images/madams.jpg)
What's the plural of navy?
![](/images/navies.jpg)
What's the plural of speech?
![](/images/speeches.jpg)
What's the plural of fairy?
![](/images/fairies.jpg)
What's the plural of mink?
![](/images/mink or minks.jpg)
What's the plural of play?
![](/images/plays.jpg)
What's the plural of six?
![](/images/sixes.jpg)
What's the plural of cuff?
![](/images/cuffs.jpg)
What's the plural of scenario?
![](/images/scenarios.jpg)
What's the plural of menu?
![](/images/menus.jpg)
What's the plural of metastasis?
![](/images/metastases.jpg)
What's the plural of avocado?
![](/images/avocados or avocadoes.jpg)
What's the plural of jersey?
![](/images/jerseys.jpg)
What's the plural of suffix?
![](/images/suffixes.jpg)
What's the plural of kidney?
![](/images/kidneys.jpg)
What's the plural of therapy?
![](/images/therapies.jpg)
What's the plural of study?
![](/images/studies.jpg)
What's the plural of Bloody Mary?
![](/images/Bloody Marys.jpg)
What's the plural of tray?
![](/images/trays.jpg)
What's the plural of trophy?
![](/images/trophies.jpg)
What's the plural of ferry?
![](/images/ferries.jpg)
What's the plural of ruby?
![](/images/rubies.jpg)
What's the plural of goat?
![](/images/goats.jpg)
What's the plural of forest?
![](/images/forests.jpg)
What's the plural of boar?
![](/images/boars.jpg)
What's the plural of bacillus?
![](/images/bacilli.jpg)
What's the plural of bureau?
![](/images/bureaus or bureaux.jpg)
What's the plural of tableau?
![](/images/tableaus or tableaux.jpg)
What's the plural of viscus?
![](/images/viscera.jpg)
What's the plural of meatus?
![](/images/meatuses.jpg)
What's the plural of igloo?
![](/images/igloos.jpg)
What's the plural of cod?
![](/images/cod or cods.jpg)
What's the plural of hoax?
![](/images/hoaxes.jpg)
What's the plural of arch?
![](/images/arches.jpg)
What's the plural of success?
![](/images/successes.jpg)
What's the plural of belly?
![](/images/bellies.jpg)
What's the plural of emu?
![](/images/emus.jpg)
What's the plural of monsieur?
![](/images/messieurs.jpg)
What's the plural of breach?
![](/images/breaches.jpg)
What's the plural of ranch?
![](/images/ranches.jpg)
What's the plural of bunch?
![](/images/bunches.jpg)
What's the plural of porch?
![](/images/porches.jpg)
What's the plural of puppy?
![](/images/puppies.jpg)
What's the plural of ganglion?
![](/images/ganglia.jpg)
What's the plural of military?
![](/images/militaries.jpg)
What's the plural of sheriff?
![](/images/sheriffs.jpg)
What's the plural of ratio?
![](/images/ratios.jpg)
What's the plural of video?
![](/images/videos.jpg)
What's the plural of artist?
![](/images/artists.jpg)
What's the plural of maximum?
![](/images/maximums or maxima.jpg)
What's the plural of cranium?
![](/images/craniums or crania.jpg)
What's the plural of premium?
![](/images/premiums.jpg)
What's the plural of joy?
![](/images/joys.jpg)
What's the plural of jockey?
![](/images/jockeys.jpg)
What's the plural of wax?
![](/images/waxes.jpg)
What's the plural of reply?
![](/images/replies.jpg)
What's the plural of crucifix?
![](/images/crucifixes.jpg)
What's the plural of shoe?
![](/images/shoes.jpg)
What's the plural of training?
![](/images/trainings.jpg)
What's the plural of facility?
![](/images/facilities.jpg)
What's the plural of diary?
![](/images/diaries.jpg)
What's the plural of rally?
![](/images/rallies.jpg)
What's the plural of battery?
![](/images/batteries.jpg)
What's the plural of dolly?
![](/images/dollies.jpg)
What's the plural of kitty?
![](/images/kitties.jpg)
What's the plural of bee?
![](/images/bees.jpg)
What's the plural of dove?
![](/images/doves.jpg)
What's the plural of theory?
![](/images/theories.jpg)
What's the plural of child?
![](/images/children.jpg)
What's the plural of strawberry?
![](/images/strawberries.jpg)
What's the plural of strategy?
![](/images/strategies.jpg)
What's the plural of sugar?
![](/images/sugars.jpg)
What's the plural of stretch?
![](/images/stretches.jpg)
What's the plural of strife?
![](/images/strifes.jpg)
What's the plural of strength?
![](/images/strengths.jpg)
What's the plural of street?
![](/images/streets.jpg)
What's the plural of gymnastics?
![](/images/gymnastics.jpg)
What's the plural of straw?
![](/images/straws.jpg)
What's the plural of hypothalamus?
![](/images/hypothalami.jpg)
What's the plural of approach?
![](/images/approaches.jpg)
What's the plural of broccoli?
![](/images/broccoli.jpg)
What's the plural of graffito?
![](/images/graffiti.jpg)
What's the plural of lady-in-waiting?
![](/images/ladies-in-waiting.jpg)
What's the plural of light-year?
![](/images/light-years.jpg)
What's the plural of brother-in-law?
![](/images/brothers-in-law.jpg)
What's the plural of sister-in-law?
![](/images/sisters-in-law.jpg)
What's the plural of queue?
![](/images/queues.jpg)
What's the plural of check-in?
![](/images/check-ins.jpg)
What's the plural of grown-up?
![](/images/grown-ups.jpg)
What's the plural of grocery?
![](/images/groceries.jpg)
What's the plural of cat?
![](/images/cats.jpg)
What's the plural of book?
![](/images/books.jpg)
What's the plural of whale?
![](/images/whales.jpg)
What's the plural of man-of-war?
![](/images/men-of-war or man-of-wars.jpg)
What's the plural of apple?
![](/images/apples.jpg)
What's the plural of orange?
![](/images/oranges.jpg)
What's the plural of berry?
![](/images/berries.jpg)
What's the plural of cherry?
![](/images/cherries.jpg)